Saturday, January 19, 2013

Shape-shifting Monster

Being a toddler-parent means toys of assorted shapes and sizes are an inveterate part of existence. I have one of either gender, and would like to believe that neither is overly pampered. Yet, there moments when I am at wit's end as to how so many trinkets make their way into the house (my childhood benchmarks clearly don't apply, outnumbered 1:16 or so). At the same time, I cannot but marvel at the ingenuity and imagination that powers many of these. Colour-changing cars and shape-shifting beasts fall in this category.

It was such an object of fantasy that offered the perfect metaphor during a fevered discussion the other day. The conversation went somewhat like this: my friend, part of the domestic Insurance industry, was trying to argue for more instiutional indulgence (government, courts, banks etc) to support the fledgeling sector. At some point in the evening, the conversation went to ULIP, one of my pet peeves, (as I have written earlier), thereby prompting the monster reference. I don't know how the tete-a-tete ended (some Dalmore was involved!); but perhaps a few notes from it bear repitition.

In a nutshell, that India is under-insured is in no doubt, but there's more to the picture. We ought to know too that, other than bank deposits, Insurance is the most popular financial product in town. It has a legacy that goes back decades: LIC in its present avatar itself is about 60 years old; National started in 1906; and there were companies in this business in most of the 1800's. So the industry is no babe in the woods.

Cut to the present as well and data shows 20% of household savings going into insurance (all of Equity including MF is at a paltry 5%). Likewise, take AUM: Insurance is 10X of equity MF, with ULIP alone being more than double of Equity MF at last count. Insurance, therefore, can hardly claim not to have felt the love.

This brings us back to the point on ULIP. Just the last 10 years have seen the industry peddle them aggressively to a gullible public, with disingenuous advertising and aggressive distributor incentives. The opaque nature of ULIP performance reporting and high exit costs were common knowledge, perhaps even deliberate. Certainly they did not speak to any genuine effort to serve the Great Unwashed.

The IRDA did (belatedly; and perhaps only driven by turf war) attempt to rein in the monster. Fee structures as well as rudimentary visibility levels were mandated. Yet, even after 2010, the most notable message we heard was ‘new, improved’ plans accompanied by significant switching cost. Shape-shifting right there!

In truth, glancing beyond ULIP at traditional plans too show up the industry as pretty lazy. Despite lofty goals of under-insured India etc, these products (term cover is a particularly glaring need) are sold with terms mired in complicated legalese, unfriendly surrender and claims processes and overly high sales commissions. Once again the IRDA has attemped some fixes, but these are arguably half-hearted or too late.

Summarizing, it is not difficult to posit that the Insurance industry has itself to blame for much of its ills. If only the Indian investor was a tad more discerning (and not perplexedly averse to equity), the heat on them could, in fact, have been worse. For now though, the monster lives to see another day.

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